The Enchanting Mgahinga Gorilla National Park, Uganda

Discover Mgahinga Gorilla National Park—Uganda’s smallest yet stunning park, where you can trek mountain gorillas, hike volcanic peaks, track golden monkeys, and explore Batwa culture.

Learn about ticket prices, exciting activities, and its unique location at the crossroads of Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Nestled in the heart of the Virunga Mountains, Mgahinga Gorilla National Park is Uganda’s smallest yet most captivating national park, offering a unique blend of wildlife, volcanic landscapes, and cultural heritage.

Spanning just 33.9 square kilometers, this pristine sanctuary is a haven for the critically endangered mountain gorillas, golden monkeys, and a host of other biodiversity, set against the dramatic backdrop of three extinct volcanoes.

For travelers seeking an intimate, less crowded safari experience, Mgahinga is a must-visit destination.

Location of Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

Mgahinga Gorilla National Park is located in Bufumbira County, Kisoro District, in southwestern Uganda, at the extreme corner of the country along the borders with Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

It forms part of the larger Virunga Conservation Area, which includes Rwanda’s Volcanoes National Park to the south and the DRC’s Virunga National Park to the west.

The park sits at an altitude ranging from 2,227 to 4,127 meters, encompassing the northern slopes of three extinct volcanoes: Mount Muhabura (4,127m), Mount Gahinga (3,474m), and Mount Sabyinyo (3,645m).

These peaks, part of the Virunga Massif, create a stunning regional backdrop. The park is approximately 15 kilometers south of Kisoro town and 55 kilometers west of Kabale, the largest city in the sub-region.

Its proximity to Kigali, Rwanda (141 km, about 3-4 hours by road), makes it an accessible entry point for international travelers.

History of Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

Mgahinga Gorilla National Park was established in 1991, primarily to protect the endangered mountain gorillas that inhabit its dense forests.

The area was initially a game reserve from the 1930s to the 1950s, but agricultural encroachment at lower altitudes necessitated its conversion into a national park.

In 1989, biological surveys were conducted, wire traps were removed, rangers were trained, and trees were planted to restore the ecosystem.

By the early 1990s, settlers were relocated outside the park’s boundaries to preserve its biodiversity. The park’s creation was a significant step in mountain gorilla conservation, a legacy that began in 1925 when the Belgians designated parts of the Virunga range in Rwanda and the DRC as a national park.

In Uganda, the British administration declared the area a game sanctuary in 1930, and the name “Mgahinga” derives from the Kinyarwanda word “Gahinga,” meaning “pile of volcanic lava stones cleared from farmland.”

Today, Mgahinga is managed by the Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA), ensuring the protection of its unique wildlife and cultural heritage.

Attractions in Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

Mgahinga Gorilla National Park is often described as the place “where gold meets silver,” referring to its golden monkeys and silverback mountain gorillas.

Its compact size belies its wealth of attractions, from rare wildlife to volcanic landscapes and cultural experiences. Below are the top attractions you won’t want to miss:

Mountain Gorillas

Mgahinga is one of only four places in the world where you can see mountain gorillas, alongside Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (Uganda), Volcanoes National Park (Rwanda), and Virunga National Park (DRC).

The park is home to the Nyakagezi gorilla family, a habituated group of nine members, including silverbacks, females, and juveniles. With only about 1,004 mountain gorillas left globally, encountering these gentle giants in their natural habitat is a profound experience.

Golden Monkeys

Mgahinga is one of two destinations (alongside Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda) where you can track the endangered golden monkeys, a subspecies of blue monkeys endemic to the Albertine Rift.

Known for their vibrant golden coats and playful behavior, these small primates live in groups of up to 80 and are a delight to observe as they leap through bamboo forests.

Virunga Volcanoes

The park’s three extinct volcanoes—Mount Muhabura, Mount Gahinga, and Mount Sabyinyo—are among its most striking features. These peaks, part of the Virunga Massif, straddle the borders of Uganda, Rwanda, and the DRC, offering breathtaking views and unique hiking opportunities.

Mount Sabyinyo, meaning “old man’s teeth,” allows hikers to stand in three countries simultaneously at its summit.

Mount Muhabura, the highest, offers views of the Rwenzori Mountains and Lake Edward, while Mount Gahinga features a scenic crater swamp.

Batwa Cultural Experience

The Batwa, the indigenous “first people” of the forest, were hunter-gatherers who lived in harmony with Mgahinga’s ecosystem until their relocation in the 1990s for conservation purposes. The Batwa Trail, led by Batwa guides, offers a deep dive into their ancient knowledge, hunting techniques, and cultural practices, including music and dance. The Garama Cave, a 200-meter-long sacred site for the Batwa, is a highlight of this experience.

Birdlife and Other Wildlife

Mgahinga hosts over 180 bird species, including 14 Albertine Rift endemics like the Rwenzori turaco, Kivu ground thrush, and dusky crimson-wing.

The park is also home to 76 mammal species, including leopards, elephants, buffaloes, bushbucks, and black-and-white colobus monkeys. Its diverse ecosystems, from bamboo forests to montane moorlands, support this rich biodiversity.

Scenic Landscapes

The park’s varied terrain, from lowland forests to alpine zones, offers stunning vistas. Lake Mutanda, just outside the park, provides serene views of the volcanoes, while trails like the Sabyinyo Gorge offer glimpses of crater lakes, swamps, and rare alpine vegetation.

Activities in Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

Mgahinga offers a range of activities that cater to wildlife enthusiasts, adventure seekers, and cultural explorers. Below are the top activities to experience:

Gorilla Trekking

Gorilla trekking is the park’s flagship activity, allowing visitors to spend one hour with the Nyakagezi gorilla family. The trek begins at Ntebeko Visitor Center with a morning briefing by UWA rangers, followed by a hike through the forest, which can take 30 minutes to 6 hours depending on the gorillas’ location. Armed rangers ensure safety, and porters are available for hire ($15-$20) to assist with the trek.

Golden Monkey Trekking

Tracking golden monkeys is a lively and engaging activity, costing $100 per person. Two habituated groups are available for trekking, and visitors spend one hour observing these playful primates as they swing through bamboo forests. The experience is less physically demanding than gorilla trekking and ideal for families or those seeking a shorter adventure.

Volcano Hiking

Hiking the Virunga volcanoes is a thrilling adventure:

Mount Muhabura: The highest peak (4,127m) takes 8-10 hours to climb, offering views of the Rwenzori Mountains, Bwindi, and Lake Edward. The terrain is challenging, with rocky and muddy sections.
Mount Gahinga: The easiest climb (3,474m) takes about 6 hours, passing through bamboo forests to a crater swamp with giant lobelia.
Mount Sabyinyo: At 3,645m, this 8-hour hike allows you to stand in Uganda, Rwanda, and the DRC simultaneously at the summit.

Batwa Trail and Cultural Visit

The Batwa Trail is a guided cultural experience where visitors learn about the Batwa’s traditional lifestyle, including hunting, honey collection, and medicinal plant use. The trail culminates at the Garama Cave, a sacred site for the Batwa. This activity costs $80 per person and supports community conservation efforts.

Nature Walks and Birdwatching

Nature walks, such as the 5-hour Sabyinyo Gorge trail, offer opportunities to explore the park’s diverse vegetation, spot birds, and encounter smaller mammals like antelopes or elephants.

Birdwatching is exceptional, with guided tours targeting Albertine Rift endemics. Park entry fees ($40 for foreign non-residents) apply for these activities.

Community and Village Walks

Outside the park, visitors can explore nearby communities, including the Batwa villages, or take boat trips on Lake Mutanda for birdwatching and scenic views. These activities provide a deeper connection to the region’s culture and landscapes.

Gorilla Trekking Tickets and Permits

Gorilla trekking in Mgahinga requires a permit, which costs $800 per person for foreign non-residents, issued by the Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA).

Only eight permits are available daily for the Nyakagezi gorilla family, making early booking (3-6 months in advance) essential, especially during peak seasons.

The permit includes ranger fees and security but excludes transport, meals, and accommodation. Bookings can be made through UWA offices in Kampala or Kisoro or via a trusted tour operator like Maranatha Tours & Travel, who streamline the process.

Park entry fees ($40 per person per day) are required for other activities like golden monkey trekking or hiking.

Gorilla Trekking in Mgahinga vs. Bwindi Impenetrable National Park

Both Mgahinga and Bwindi Impenetrable National Park are premier destinations for gorilla trekking in Uganda, but they offer distinct experiences. Below is a detailed comparison to help you choose:

Gorilla Population and Trekking Groups

Mgahinga: Hosts one habituated gorilla family, Nyakagezi, with nine members, including three silverbacks, which is rare. Only eight permits are available daily, ensuring a less crowded experience. However, the Nyakagezi group occasionally crosses into Rwanda or the DRC, so availability should be confirmed with UWA.
Bwindi: Home to over 50% of the world’s mountain gorillas, with 15 habituated gorilla families across four sectors (Buhoma, Ruhija, Rushaga, and Nkuringo). This allows for more permits (up to 120 daily) and greater flexibility but also attracts more tourists.

Vegetation and Trekking Experience

Mgahinga: Features bamboo forests and open volcanic terrain, making it easier to spot gorillas and take clear photographs. The trek is generally less strenuous, though it can still take 30 minutes to 6 hours.
Bwindi: Known for its dense, tropical rainforest, aptly named “Impenetrable.” The thick vegetation can make gorilla sightings more challenging, and treks may be more physically demanding, ranging from 1 to 7 hours.

Accessibility

Mgahinga: Located 493-561 km from Kampala (8-11 hours by road) or 141-184 km from Kigali (3-4 hours). It’s also accessible by air to Kisoro Airstrip (1 hour 10 minutes from Entebbe). The shorter drive from Kigali makes it ideal for time-constrained travelers.
Bwindi: Approximately 460-500 km from Kampala (7-9 hours by road) or 4-5 hours from Kigali. Flights to Kihihi Airstrip (near Bwindi) are available from Entebbe. Bwindi’s proximity to Queen Elizabeth National Park makes it easier to combine with other safaris.

Crowds and Exclusivity

Mgahinga: Less touristy due to its single gorilla family, offering an intimate experience with only four to eight trekkers per group. This is ideal for those seeking solitude and closer gorilla encounters.
Bwindi: More popular and busier, with multiple trekking groups daily. While groups are limited to eight people, the higher number of gorilla families means more overall visitors.

Additional Activities

Mgahinga: Offers unique activities like golden monkey trekking, volcano hiking, and the Batwa Trail, which are not available in Bwindi. The park’s volcanic landscape adds a distinct adventure element.
Bwindi: Provides gorilla habituation experiences (4 hours with gorillas, $1,500) and nature walks but lacks volcano hiking. Its proximity to other parks allows for Big Five safaris.

Cost

Mgahinga and Bwindi: Gorilla permits cost $800 in both parks, making them more affordable than Rwanda’s $1,500 permits. However, Bwindi offers more accommodation options, including budget-friendly choices, while Mgahinga’s options are limited but scenic.

Recommendation: Choose Mgahinga for a less crowded, visually open trekking experience with additional activities like volcano hiking and golden monkey trekking.

Opt for Bwindi for a higher chance of gorilla sightings, more accommodation options, and the possibility of combining with other safaris.

At Maranatha Tours & Travel can tailor your itinerary to include both parks for a comprehensive experience.

Distance from Kampala to Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

Mgahinga is approximately 493-561 km from Kampala, Uganda’s capital, depending on the route:

Via Kabale-Mbarara Road: 493 km, about 8 hours 39 minutes by 4×4 safari vehicle.
Via Masaka Road: 561 km, about 11 hours.
From Kigali, Rwanda: 141-184 km, 3-4 hours via the Cyanika border, making it a faster and more cost-effective option.
By Air: Charter flights from Entebbe International Airport or Kajjansi Airstrip to Kisoro Airstrip take 1 hour 10 minutes, followed by a 1-2 hour road transfer to the park.

Top Mgahinga Gorilla National Park Tours

Uganda Wildlife Tours offers a variety of packages to explore Mgahinga, tailored to different budgets and interests. Below are our top recommended tours:

2-Day Mgahinga Gorilla Trek from Kigali: Ideal for time-constrained travelers, this tour starts in Kigali, includes a gorilla trek, and returns to Kigali.

Itinerary:
- Day 1: Drive from Kigali to Mgahinga (3-4 hours), check into a lodge, and enjoy an evening Batwa cultural visit.
- Day 2: Morning gorilla trek, return to Kigali.
Cost: $1,200-$1,800 per person (includes permit, accommodation, transport).
Why Choose?: Perfect for a quick, intimate gorilla experience with minimal travel time.

3-Day Mgahinga Gorilla and Golden Monkey Trek: Combines gorilla trekking with golden monkey trekking and a visit to Lake Mutanda.

Itinerary:
- Day 1: Transfer from Kampala or Kigali to Mgahinga, overnight at a lodge.
- Day 2: Gorilla trekking, followed by a cultural visit or nature walk.
- Day 3: Golden monkey trekking, boat trip on Lake Mutanda, return to starting point.
Cost: $1,500-$2,200 per person.
Why Choose?: Offers a comprehensive Mgahinga experience with diverse activities.

3. 4-Day Mgahinga and Bwindi Gorilla Safari

Overview: Combines gorilla trekking in both Mgahinga and Bwindi for a dual-park adventure.
Itinerary:
- Day 1: Transfer from Kigali to Mgahinga, overnight.
- Day 2: Gorilla trekking in Mgahinga, transfer to Bwindi.
- Day 3: Gorilla trekking in Bwindi, optional Batwa visit.
- Day 4: Return to Kigali or Kampala.
Cost: $2,500-$3,500 per person (includes two permits).
Why Choose?: Ideal for those wanting to compare gorilla trekking in both parks.

5-Day Mgahinga Adventure Safari: Includes gorilla trekking, volcano hiking, golden monkey trekking, and a Lake Bunyonyi visit.

Itinerary:
- Day 1: Transfer from Kampala/Kigali to Mgahinga.
- Day 2: Gorilla trekking, evening relaxation.
- Day 3: Volcano hiking (Mount Sabyinyo or Gahinga).
- Day 4: Golden monkey trekking, transfer to Lake Bunyonyi.
- Day 5: Boat cruise on Lake Bunyonyi, return to starting point.
Cost: $2,800-$4,000 per person.
Why Choose?: A complete adventure with wildlife, hiking, and scenic relaxation.

Best Time to Visit Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

Mgahinga is open year-round, but the best time for gorilla trekking, hiking, and other activities is during the dry seasons:

June to August and December to February: These months receive minimal rainfall, making trails less slippery and roads more accessible. Permits are in high demand, so book early.
March to May and September to November: Wet seasons offer lush scenery, fewer crowds, and discounted accommodation rates. However, trails can be muddy, and rain is unpredictable. Rain gear is essential, as showers can occur even in dry seasons due to the park’s high altitude.

How to Get to Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

Mgahinga is accessible by road or air, with options to suit different budgets and time constraints:

By Road

From Kampala/Entebbe: Drive via Kabale-Mbarara (493 km, 8-9 hours) or Masaka (561 km, 10-11 hours) in a 4×4 safari vehicle. The route offers scenic views of Uganda’s rolling hills and lakes.
From Kigali, Rwanda: A 3-4 hour drive (141-184 km) via the Cyanika border is the fastest and most cost-effective option. The East African Tourist Visa ($100) allows entry to both Rwanda and Uganda.
From Other Parks: Mgahinga is 3-4 hours from Queen Elizabeth National Park, 5-7 hours from Bwindi, and 6-7 hours from Lake Mburo National Park, making it easy to combine with other safaris.

By Air

Charter or scheduled flights with Aerolink Uganda from Entebbe or Kajjansi to Kisoro Airstrip take 1 hour 10 minutes, followed by a 1-2 hour road transfer to the park. Uganda Wildlife Tours can arrange flights and transfers for a seamless journey.

Where to Stay in Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

Mgahinga offers a range of accommodations, from luxury lodges to budget campsites, many with stunning views of the Virunga volcanoes and Lake Mutanda. Below are top options:

Luxury Accommodations

Mount Gahinga Lodge: Located near the park gate, this lodge offers nine stone cottages inspired by Batwa culture, with fireplaces, hot showers, free Wi-Fi, and complimentary massages. Rates: $300-$600 per person per night (full board).
Clouds Mountain Gorilla Lodge: Near Bwindi but accessible for Mgahinga treks, this lodge features eight luxurious stone cottages with fireplaces and panoramic views. Rates: $500-$800 per person per night.

Mid-Range Accommodations

Mutanda Lake Resort: On the shores of Lake Mutanda, offering self-contained tented rooms with verandas and views of the volcanoes. Activities include boat trips and nature walks. Rates: $150-$250 per person per night.
Travellers Rest Hotel, Kisoro: A colonial-style hotel 14 km from the park, with 11 furnished rooms, a restaurant, and gardens. Rates: $100-$200 per person per night.

Budget Accommodations

Lake Mutanda Campsite: Offers affordable camping with views of Lake Mutanda and the volcanoes. Basic facilities include shared toilets and water points. Rates: $20-$50 per person per night.
Amajambere Iwacu Community Camp: A budget-friendly campsite near the park, with basic cottages and tents. Rates: $30-$80 per person per night.

Comparison of Top Accommodations

Property	Category	Location	Key Amenities	Price (USD)	Unique Feature
Mount Gahinga Lodge	Luxury	Near park gate	Stone cottages, Wi-Fi, massages	$300-$600	Batwa-inspired design
Clouds Mountain Gorilla Lodge	Luxury	Near Bwindi	Fireplaces, panoramic views	$500-$800	High-end comfort
Mutanda Lake Resort	Mid-Range	Lake Mutanda	Tented rooms, boat trips	$150-$250	Scenic lake and volcano views
Travellers Rest Hotel	Mid-Range	Kisoro town	Colonial style, restaurant	$100-$200	Historical charm
Lake Mutanda Campsite	Budget	Lake Mutanda	Basic camping, shared facilities	$20-$50	Affordable wilderness experience
Amajambere Iwacu Community	Budget	Near park	Basic cottages, community support	$30-$80	Community-focused camping

Why Choose Maranatha Tours & Travel?

Maranatha Tours & Travel is your trusted partner for exploring Mgahinga Gorilla National Park. Here’s why you should book with us:

Expert Guides: Our local guides are knowledgeable about Mgahinga’s wildlife, culture, and terrain, ensuring a safe and enriching experience.
Sustainable Practices: We partner with eco-friendly lodges and support conservation efforts, contributing to gorilla protection and community development.
Seamless Logistics: We handle permits, transport, accommodation, and activities, allowing you to focus on the adventure.
Customized Itineraries: From budget camping to luxury lodges, we tailor your safari to your preferences and fitness level.
Regional Expertise: Our experience across Uganda, Rwanda, and Kenya ensures a comprehensive safari that can include Bwindi, Queen Elizabeth, or other destinations.

Practical Tips for Visiting Mgahinga

Permits and Bookings: Book gorilla permits 3-6 months in advance through UWA or Uganda Wildlife Tours. Only eight permits are available daily for Mgahinga’s Nyakagezi group.
Physical Preparation: Gorilla trekking and volcano hiking require moderate fitness. Wear sturdy hiking boots, long pants, and a rain jacket. Porters are recommended for support.
Packing List: Include lightweight layers, insect repellent, a reusable water bottle, a camera (no flash), and a yellow fever vaccination card (required for Uganda entry).
Health and Safety: Uganda is politically stable, and armed rangers accompany treks for safety. Anti-malarial medication and travel insurance are advised.
Visa: An East African Tourist Visa ($100) covers Uganda, Rwanda, and Kenya, ideal for m